{"id":3659,"date":"2025-03-16T18:54:07","date_gmt":"2025-03-16T06:54:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/?p=3659"},"modified":"2025-06-21T20:42:55","modified_gmt":"2025-06-21T08:42:55","slug":"life-is-dynamic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/life-is-dynamic\/","title":{"rendered":"Life is Dynamic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/135918main_bm1_high-1024x1024.webp\" alt=\"Life is Dynamic\" class=\"wp-image-3077\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/135918main_bm1_high-1024x1024.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/135918main_bm1_high-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/135918main_bm1_high-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/135918main_bm1_high-768x769.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/135918main_bm1_high.webp 1041w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Life is Dynamic<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8216;Life is Dynamic&#8217;, <strong>is Part Four of our \u2018Life\u2019<\/strong> <strong>Series<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>In this post, Life is Dynamic, we continue our series on &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/science-topics\/l-science-topics\/#life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Life<\/a>&#8221; and our discussion of the ideas in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=gxWa6M0BjQM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Addy Pross<\/a>&#8216;s recent book, &#8220;What is Life?&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The non-living part of the Universe, the vast majority of the Universe, is static, unlike Life which is dynamic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But what about the stars, for example our sun, aren&#8217;t they dynamic?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aren&#8217;t the orbits of the planets, and Earth&#8217;s tides and winds dynamic?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perhaps, but not in the way that Life is dynamic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Sun is a Natural Fusion Reactor<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sun<\/a> is a huge natural <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fusion_power\">fusion reactor<\/a> that produces energy in the form of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solar_energetic_particles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">high energy particles and photons<\/a>. This energy is continuously released as a by product of the fusion of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hydrogen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">hydrogen nuclei<\/a> to create <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Helium-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">helium nuclei<\/a>, The fusion reaction is possible due to the crushing gravitational forces in the sun caused by its enormous mass and density. These forces produce <a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/heliophysics\/focus-areas\/solar-science\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">extremely high pressures and temperatures within the sun<\/a>. The resulting released particles and photons eventually radiate into space in the solar wind and radiation.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" src=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902.jpg\" alt=\"Sun\" class=\"wp-image-1985\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/20170715_143902-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sun<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>But the sun cannot maintain this reaction indefinitely. It cannot replenish, from some other source, its large but finite stock of hydrogen fuel. The sun will eventually run out of this fuel and come to the end of its life as an energy producing physical and static system within the Universe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Entropy<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The sun, like all things in the Universe, is subject to the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_law_of_thermodynamics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2nd Law of Thermodynamics<\/a>. That is, it is subject to increasing <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Entropy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">entropy<\/a> which will inevitably transform its ordered molecules and fusion reaction into an ever expanding <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Entropy_(order_and_disorder)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">chaotic<\/a> dispersal of its energy into space.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1019\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/space-2334655__340.png\" alt=\"Universe\" class=\"wp-image-1165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/space-2334655__340.png 1019w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/space-2334655__340-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/space-2334655__340-150x50.png 150w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/space-2334655__340-768x256.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1019px) 100vw, 1019px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Universe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The end of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Universe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Universe<\/a> will be a cold dead Universe where all the energy (particles and photons), from all the stars, has been emitted into space and randomly spread, relatively evenly in temperature and density, throughout space-time. This will be a state of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heat_death_of_the_universe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">maximum entropy for the entire Universe<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Life is Dynamic<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Life on the other hand is <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10455287\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dynamic<\/a> in that it consists of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biological_system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">biological systems<\/a> that use energy and chemicals to create order from chaos.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"375\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20240418_093647_scaled_02.png\" alt=\"life dynamic systems\" class=\"wp-image-3546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20240418_093647_scaled_02.png 375w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20240418_093647_scaled_02-225x300.png 225w, https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20240418_093647_scaled_02-113x150.png 113w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">life dynamic systems<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>These life systems are able to do this by feeding upon energy and chemical materials from its immediate external environment. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cell_(biology)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Life systems<\/a> are able to continually repair and renew themselves, and to reproduce copies of themselves. The individual systems die but not before reproducing descendants to maintain the system&#8217;s species.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Clock Analogy<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/global.oup.com\/academic\/product\/what-is-life-9780198784791?cc=nz&amp;lang=en&amp;#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Addy Pross<\/a>, in his book <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rsb.org.uk\/component\/content\/article?id=707:what-is-life-how-chemistry-becomes-biology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&#8220;What is Life?&#8221;<\/a>, uses an analogy to explain the difference between physical systems and biological life systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a clock the components remain in place and continue to work until one or other of the parts wears out and the clock stops. This is a static system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, in a living <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cell_(biology)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cell<\/a> the situation is significantly different. The cell (and its internal component systems) is a dynamic system with its parts continually being turned over (repaired, replaced, or renewed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Life Systems<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Being part of the Universe and made of some of the same elements of the Periodic Table as non-living physical matter, life systems are also subject to the 2nd law of Thermodynamics (See discussion on Entropy, above). In addition, life systems are completely reliant for their survival upon the availability of energy and materials within their immediate environment (e.g. within their part of the Earth&#8217;s biosphere, in the case of life systems on Earth).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Human Life<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>In the particular case of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/320878\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">human beings<\/a>, each person is composed of approximately 10 thousand billion cells. Interestingly, each living human body also contains more than 100 thousand billion foreign cells &#8211; bacteria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Each human cell is composed of an array of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biomolecule\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">biomolecules<\/a> &#8211; lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intracellular_transport\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Intracellular protein<\/a> is continually being <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protein_turnover\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">turned over<\/a> &#8211; cellular protein is constantly being degraded and resynthesized in a tightly regulated process.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the reasons for this dynamic process is to ensure that the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Protein_structure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">protein&#8217;s structural<\/a> integrity is maintained. Cells also turn over and the parts of us made up of these cells also turn over.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Essentially all of the stuff that makes us is being constantly turned over so that over a period of weeks you are, in a strictly material sense, a totally different person!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Life is Dynamic!<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Yes, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Life<\/a> is dynamic! All of Earth&#8217;s biosphere&#8217;s living creatures, including <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Microorganism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">microbes<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">plants<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fungus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">fungi<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">animals<\/a>, etc. are continuously recreating themselves from their most basic biochemical molecules, through cells, through systems of cells and organs, to each whole creature itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Evolution_of_biological_complexity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">evolved biochemical systems and processes<\/a> are incredibly complex and dynamic, far beyond any human system yet devised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Biosphere is Dynamic<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>By extension, this means that the <a href=\"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rstb.2021.0376\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Earth&#8217;s biosphere itself is incredibly complex<\/a>, as the systems of living creature species that make up the Biosphere are the families of these extremely complex individual creatures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mankind is Dependent on the Biosphere<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Human\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Homo Sapiens<\/a> are just one of billions of species of creatures of all types that inhabit the Biosphere. We cannot live without the Biosphere, and therefore we cannot live without the other creatures that make up the Life on our planet, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Earth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Earth<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Terraforming Non-Life Planets<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the incredibly complex and interdependent dynamic nature of the living creatures that make up the Earth&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biosphere\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Biosphere<\/a>, attempting to <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terraforming_of_Mars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">terraform<\/a> a sterile planet such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2007\/02\/True-colour_image_of_Mars_seen_by_OSIRIS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mars<\/a> poses an enormous challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>(Post created: 16\/03\/2025)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8216;Life is Dynamic&#8217;, is Part Four of our \u2018Life\u2019 Series In this post, Life is Dynamic, we continue our series on &#8220;Life&#8221; and our discussion of the ideas in Addy Pross&#8216;s recent book, &#8220;What is Life?&#8221;. The non-living part of the Universe, the vast majority of the Universe, is static, unlike Life which is dynamic&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.seaswell.net\/publishing\/life-is-dynamic\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &ldquo;Life is Dynamic&rdquo;<\/span> &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,31,19,35,9,11,17,22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-like-planets","category-energy","category-exoplanets","category-life","category-non-fiction","category-science-research","category-science-topics","category-seaswell-publishing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Life is Dynamic - Seaswell Publishing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Seaswell Publishing, Barrie Cameron, author, non-fiction, chemistry, what is life? 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